Two in Iran and three in Sri Lanka and India. In Asia, there are only 9 native species, one each in Lebanon, Syria, and Israel. The majority of their species are found in Africa, an estimated number of 1,600 species, followed by 120 species in Central America and Mexico. HabitatsĬichlids can be found all over the world, except for North America, Australia, Antarctica, and Europe. Thus, the species headcount is roughly estimated to be somewhere between 2,000-3,000. Many new species are annually discovered, not all of which have been formally named and classed. They are a suborder of the Labroidei order (The largest group of fish). South American Cichlids are one of the largest vertebrate families in the animal kingdom, with over 1,650 species that have been officially discovered and named. However, some believe that they arose sometime in the Cretaceous Epoch (144-66.4 million years ago). The earliest known fossils were collected in central and South America that experts believe date back to the Eocene period (57-37 million years ago). The number of genus and cichlid fish species is numerous. Namely, Cichlinae, Etroplinae, Heterochromidinae, Pseudocreniliabrinae, and Ptychochrominae. This family includes five different subfamilies. Given the name Cichlidae in 1835 by the French biologist and ornithologist, Prince Charles Lucien Jules Bonaparte, a member of the royal family and descendant of Napoleon Bonaparte.
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